Melatonin and Cancer - Research Review

Researched and written by Keith Bishop, Clinical Nutritionist, Cancer Coach, Retired Pharmacist

Melatonin, often called the "sleep hormone," is a naturally occurring compound produced by the pineal gland in the brain. While its primary role is to regulate the sleep-wake cycle, emerging research has revealed its potential as a potent anticancer agent. This blog explores melatonin's anticancer properties, additional health benefits, potential side effects, role in cancer treatment, recommended dosages, and possible drug interactions.

What is Melatonin?

Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate circadian rhythms, ensuring a healthy sleep-wake cycle. It is also a potent antioxidant, capable of neutralizing free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, which are key contributors to cellular damage and aging.

Melatonin Anticancer Activity*

Research has shown that melatonin exhibits several anticancer properties:

• Inhibits Tumor Growth: Melatonin can suppress tumor growth by regulating angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels), apoptosis (programmed cell death), and oxidative stress.
• Enhances Immune Response: It boosts the immune system, enabling it to better identify and attack cancer cells.
• Improves Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy Outcomes: Studies indicate that melatonin enhances the effectiveness of these treatments while reducing their side effects of fatigue and neurotoxicity.
• Boost Survival Rates: Clinical trials have demonstrated that melatonin supplementation can significantly improve one-year survival rates in cancer patients.

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Cancers with Melatonin Activity

Melatonin has demonstrated anticancer activity against various types of cancers across in vitro, in vivo, animal, and human studies. Here's a list of cancers where melatonin's effects have been studied:

• Breast Cancer
• Lung Cancer
• Skin Cancer
• Glioma (Brain Cancer)
• Colorectal Cancer
• Colon Cancer
• Gastric Cancer
• Ovarian Cancer
• Endometrial Cancer
• Prostate Cancer
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

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Other Health Benefits of Melatonin

Beyond its anticancer properties, melatonin offers several additional health benefits:

• Improves Sleep Quality: It is a natural remedy for insomnia and jet lag.
• Supports Eye Health: Melatonin's antioxidant properties may protect against age-related macular degeneration.
• Reduces Symptoms of GERD: It has been shown to decrease acid reflux and improve gastrointestinal health.

Potential Side Effects of Melatonin

While melatonin is generally safe, some users may experience mild side effects, including:

• Headache
• Dizziness
• Daytime drowsiness
• Nausea

Melatonin may rarely cause vivid dreams or interact with certain medications, which underscores the importance of consulting a healthcare provider before use.

Dosages for Cancer Patients

Clinical studies have explored a wide range of dosages, typically between 10 mg and 20 mg per day, administered alongside conventional cancer therapies. Higher doses, up to 200 mg, have also been studied, showing promising results with minimal side effects.

Potential Drug-Melatonin Interactions

Melatonin may interact with certain medications, including:

• Blood thinners (e.g., warfarin)
• Immunosuppressants
• Antidepressants
• Blood pressure medications

Drug Interaction Checker

It is crucial to discuss melatonin use with a healthcare provider to avoid adverse interactions.

Melatonin Cancer Conclusion

Melatonin is a versatile and promising compound with significant anticancer potential. Its ability to enhance conventional cancer treatments and its antioxidant and immune-boosting properties make it a valuable addition to the fight against cancer. However, as with any supplement, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before use.

High-Dose Melatonin Sources

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